Natural Law Perspectives - 681 Words

Thomas Aquinas was a proponent of the derivationist perspective of Natural Law, holding that it is possible to derive knowledge of what is good for humans by studying humans themselves (Floyd). In other words, practical judgments regarding the natural ends of human flourishing need to be derived from theoretical proofs about human nature. The most important realization that can be made from this is that life can be classified as the ultimate good, for without life, individuals would not be able to experience any other goods (Floyd). This position varies slightly from Aristotle, who considered eudaimonia to be the ultimate good. However, from this point, it can be argued that all other goods are subservient to this good of life, but – parallel to Aristotle’s perspective – this does not mean that all other goods are insignificant. Human beings also pursue knowledge and relationships, considered to be basic goods because they are contributing components to the ultim ate good of life, acting in a capacity that leads to fulfillment (Floyd). In light of the argument that health is a basic good, it can be seen that certain illnesses or states of unhealthiness hinder an individual’s pursuit of what is good, so these states must be avoided. Aquinas’s view of Natural Law includes a more religious focus than Aristotle’s, as he considers every moral law to be a derivation of eternal law. This eternal law is God’s way of governing human beings toward the common basic goods (Murphy).Show MoreRelatedâ€Å"What Are the Major Strengths and Weakness of Dworkin’s Theory of Law as Compared to a Positivist or Natural Law Perspective?† Discuss.1988 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"What are the major strengths and weakness of Dworkin’s theory of law as compared to a positivist or natural law perspective?† Discuss. Arguably one of the most influential legal theorists of the 20th century, Ronald Dworkin’s dealings with law’s interpretation and integrity has lead to inevitable contradictions with that of positivist ideology, with his work essentially revitalising a method of thinking that had long been considered dead and buried. Perhaps most notoriously, Dworkin combatedRead MoreTopic sentence. Thomas Hobbes interpretation of natural law is not only radically different, but1300 Words   |  6 PagesHobbes interpretation of natural law is not only radically different, but inconsistent with the traditional view. This can be seen through the similarities and differences found when comparing Thomas Hobbes theory, and Thomas Aquinas’ theory in regards to their view of man’s ultimate goal, their definition of natural law in regards to its relationship with human rationality, and lastly how they view the meaning and relationship of divine providence and religion in natural law. The following pages willRead MoreSimilarities Between Locke And Rousseau1369 Words   |  6 Pagesthe natural laws inherent in mankind. The state of nature can be characterized as the state before civil society, before government where all men agreed to enter into a social contract. Locke and Rousseau both believed that men were not savages as some might believe. The state of nature was in some cases even better than what we have become today. In fact, both Locke and Rousseau believed that in the state of nature all men had natural rights and followed natural God given or inherent laws thatRead MoreCompare and Contrast Hobbes’s and Locke’s Views of the State of Nature and the Fundamental Purpose of Political Society. Whose View Is the More Plausible? Why?1564 Words   |  7 Pagesplausible? Why? Introduction Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both natural law theorists and social contracts theorists. While most natural law theorists have predominantly been of the opinion that humans are social animals by nature, Locke and Hobbes had a different perspective. Their points of view were remarkably different from those perpetuated by other natural law theorists. On the other hand, Locke’s perspective of human nature wasn’t quite as fine as Hobbe’s, although it was much simplerRead MoreEssay on Relationship Between Law and Morality1268 Words   |  6 Pagesto discuss the relationship between law and morality through the perspectives of legal philosophers, I will provide a brief explanation of law, and what does law intend to achieve in the society. When discussing the relationship between law and morality I will consider the distinction between the theory of natural law and legal positivism and how these two theories influence each other and whether there is a legal or mor al duty for the society to obey the law. Legal philosophers have tried to provideRead MoreThe Theology Of Thomas Aquinas1157 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween theology and philosophy by explaining Law in general in a detailed account and focusing on kinds of law which he classified as Eternal, Human, Divine and Natural law. Aquinas suggests in order for law to be understood some reasoning has to be provided which is why as a philosopher what he explained could not provoke Christian beliefs, but establish a relationship between theory and religion. As a philosopher he understands and describes law as being influenced by certain actions that manRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes1287 Words   |  6 Pagestheories around The Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. Although John Locke and Thomas Hobbes had a similar goal, their beliefs and opinions were definitely not the same. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both believed in the Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. They both developed and worked their theories and philosophies around Saint Thomas Aquinas definition of the Natural Law. Natural Law are basically a system of laws that people are guaranteed. Natural laws include life, libertyRead MoreEssay on Hume’s Reasons for Rejecting Miracles815 Words   |  4 Pagesthat, given the amount of evidence that has established and confirmed a law of nature, there can never be sufficient evidence to prove that a law of nature has been violated. He believes that miracles have no rational background. Hume was an empiricist, in other words, he believed that all knowledge is based on evidence that we gain through our senses. He argues that if a miracle goes against a law of nature, then it represents a single piece of evidence that goes againstRead MoreEthical Positions Research Paper : Torture1517 Words   |  7 Pagesjustifiably torture you to obtain what I want from you, be it your property, your behavior, or your ideological consent (Lendman, 2008). Also, the police may not torture to obtain information, as we have the right to defend ourselves in a court of law, and the courts may not inflict pain as punishment for a crime, as there is a constitutional prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment (Lendman, 2008). The UN and the Geneva Convention prohibit torture in the war, because it is immoral to extractRead MoreMorality Vs. Morality : Morality And Morality1729 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough law and morality are two separate issues it is evident that morality plays a crucial role in the law. Dr. Jà ¼rgen Habermas stated â€Å"law is internally related†¦ to morality† . The idea of law is not that it must be moral but that it provides a system to allow people to live together peacefully in a society. However, as much as it is debated, it is apparent that in order for human civilisation to work laws must generally be moral. Natural law is a theory that emphasises the role of morality in

History of Jazz Midterm - 2237 Words

History of Jazz Midterm 1.) Edward Kennedy â€Å"Duke† Ellington was an American jazz composer, pianist, and bandleader who has been one of the most influential musicians in jazz. The Duke has released countless albums and songs, but not many know of his triumph as a musical theatre composer. Duke Ellington’s 1941 Jump For Joy was the first theatre show to openly discard the African- American stereotypes which prevailed in the arts at the time. In fact Jump for Joy openly discussed these stereotypes and praised African- American stereotypes. Ellington composed all of the songs in the musical and his own orchestra played during the show in the pit. The title song â€Å"Jump For Joy† uses coded language as a way to inspire social thought. The†¦show more content†¦Fitzgerald was a bit less macabre in this instance. Ella Fitzgerald’s â€Å"How High the Moon† calls attention to her capacity for scat singing. Fitzgerald has taken Armstrong’s alteration to singing to a new level in this song, she is able to transform her voice into an â€Å"actual† instrument. 3.) Louis Armstrong’s Hot 5 amp; 7 recordings (1925- 1928) changed jazz forever in a severely profound way. These records made Armstrong famous. They were the first to consistently feature him in solo and ensemble lead and showcase his singing. These records led to five major innovations that altered the structure of Jazz for the next twenty years. First off Armstrong raised the bar for technical mastery of all Jazz instruments. This is highlighted in the song â€Å"West End Blues† for his astonishing opening trumpet cadenza. With Armstrong’s use of the trumpet he was able to not only prove to the world that jazz was an art form that could contend with the highest forms of musical expression, but he also proved that the level of mastery for the trumpet could transcend anything that came before it. Another one of Armstrong’s innovations with the Hot 5 amp; 7 recordings was that he laid out the basic foundation for swing. Swing as we have come to know it today is a joyful and flexible interpretation of rhythmic ideas over a steady pulse. This is exhibited in the song â€Å"Potato Head Blues†. Potato Head Blues has an open-ended trumpet and wind section while the banjoShow MoreRelatedMidterm Review Essay963 Words   |  4 Pages†¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ MComm100†©Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ¢â‚¬ ©Mass†©Communication†©in†©Society†© Midterm†©Review†©Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ¢â‚¬ ©12th†©Ed†© (Chapters†©1†©Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ¢â‚¬ ©9)†© †© Understand†©the†©definition†©of†©Ã¢â‚¬Ëœencoding’†© What†©is†©Ã¢â‚¬Ëœnegative†©feedback’?†© Characteristics†©of†©a†©mass†©communication†©audience†© What†©is†©a†©Ã¢â‚¬Ëœmedia†©vehicle’?†© Characteristics†©of†©mass†©communication†©organizations†© What†©vehicles†©have†©increased†©the†©mobility†©of†©the†©mass†©mediaRead MoreJazz, By Louis Armstrong2718 Words   |  11 PagesJazz midterm 1. Louis Armstrong is credited in the book titled Jazz as the â€Å"single most important figure in the development of jazz.† He is known as the only major figure in Western musical history to have a profound influence as a singer and an instrumentalist. His defining qualities as a performer were the emotion, beauty, and technical mastery he brought to each performance, and he knew how to please an audience. Performing jazz was a personal and powerful experience to him, and it was communicatedRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1792 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican American Literature Midterm Exam 1. Define who Frederick Douglass was and provide a summary of his book, narrative of the life of Fredrick Douglass: an American slave 1845. Frederick Douglass was an African-American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. Frederick Douglass was the most important black American leader of the nineteenth century. He was born in February of the 1818 and died February 20, 1895. Douglass was a firm believer in the equality of all peoplesRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesa friendly Chinese student were the only non-white students living there. Langston found his freshman classes and professors boring. He had hoped to join the staff of the Spectator, the college newspaper, but the editor was not cooperative. At midterm, his grades were average. This report angered Jim, who insisted Langston make As. He sent money for warm winter clothing, but demanded that Langston submit an itemized statement of expenses. Although Langstons talent went unrecognized at ColumbiaRead MorePre-Columbian Period9302 Words   |  38 Pagesthrough the Eastern United States, primarily along the river valleys. The location where the Mississippian culture is first clearly developed is located in Illinois, and is referred to today as Cahokia. [edit] Colonial period Main article: Colonial history of the United States The Mayflower, which transported Pilgrims to the New WorldAfter a period of exploration by people from various European countries, Spanish, Dutch, English, French, Swedish, and Portuguese settlements were established.[11]Read MoreFtv 106a Essay9564 Words   |  39 PagesFTV 106A – Midterm Study Guide TA: Matthew Perkins 1A IDs – People to Know: †¢ Eadweard Muybridge (1830 – 1904) o Born in Britain, emigrated to US early in life, by the 1870s had become a very prominent photographer, mostly photographed nature and animals; very well known o 1872 – Leland Stanford (one of the richest in the state) questions whether or not a horse has all its feet off the ground when it gallops, hired Muybridge to take pictures of racehorses and prove or disprove this o 1877 –Read More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagesschedule, which meant running sixty hours without management on...site. I hated Mondays. As the new production manager at Ultra...Polys main plant, I managed the companys largest department through the biggest ex... pansion of its thirty...year history. That fall-we doubled capacity by transitioning to a twenty...four...hour, seven...day schedule and installing a fifth production line. The departments workforce grew from thirty to sixty...five...plus in two months. My-first challenge was devising

Project/Portfolio Fact Pattern Handout Free Essays

Facts – Little Louie 1. Unemployed 2. Dates Wild Wanda 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Project/Portfolio Fact Pattern Handout or any similar topic only for you Order Now Plans to rob a bank with Billy Bad Boy and Vinnie Bagadonuts. 4. Knows a gun collector named Smith 5. Breaks into Smith’s house 6. Breaks into the gun locker and steals couple of handguns, sawed-off shotgun, and automatic weapons. 7. Robs the bank 8. In a shootout with the armed guard a bank teller and police officer is shot. 9. Runs from the police officers. 10. Breaks into Smokey’s house. Little Louie 1. Conspiracy          Title 18, Part 1, Ch, 19,  §Ã‚  371 2. Burglary – break an entering                ORC, Title29, Ch 2911,  § 2911. 2       a) Breaking glass window into Smiths house 3. Second count of burglary – guns                   ORC, Title29, Ch 2911,  § 2911. 12       a) Breaking into the gun case b) Saw off shotgun c) Several hand guns d) Automatic weapons 4. Robbery – bank       Title18, Part 1, Ch 103,  § 2113 5. Murder of police officer       Title18, Part 1, Ch 51,  § 1114 6. M urder of a bank teller       Title 18, Part 1, Ch 51,  § 1111 7. Fleeing and eluding police officer                      ORC, Title 29, Ch 2921,  § 2921. 331 Offense Charge with amp; Defense possibly for Little Louie Little Louie is charged with conspiracy because he had talked planned with Billy Bad Boy and Vince Bagadonuts. Little Louie is charged with two counts of 5th degree felony burglary for in the Smith’s home and take his guns. Little Louie is charge with two counts of 1st degree felony Aggavated Murder one of a police officer and the other is the bank teller. Little Louie is charged with one count of fleeing and eluding of a police officer. Little Louie claims that Vinnie Bagadonuts was the one that shot the officer and bank teller and that also he was the one that broke into the house, and that    along with him. How to cite Project/Portfolio Fact Pattern Handout, Papers

CANADA Did You Ever Stop And Wonder How Much We Take The Place We Live Essay Example For Students

CANADA Did You Ever Stop And Wonder How Much We Take The Place We Live Essay for granted? If you were to take the time, you would discover how diverse are Canadas history, geography, climate, economy, cultures and government. Did you know it is the largest country in the world now that U. S.S.R broke up. Specifically, Canada is 9,922,330 square km. Did you know that Canada used to be named Kanata? Yes, Kanata is an Indian word meaning village. It was not until July 1,1867 that Kanata was renamed Canada. Canada was originally discovered by Jacques Cartier an explorer from France who sailed down the St.Lawrence in 1534. Cartier we believe was the first to set foot on Canadian soil. He marked his presence with a flag claiming it his land.Over the years, Canada has developed into the home of the largest free-standing structure in the world. Canada,(a great tourist attraction)is also home of the largest water fall in the world. Our farmland unlike a lot of others has a variety of climate. The warmer summer climate ranges from +10 +30 and the cooler climate ranges from anywhere to -10 -30. Despite the changes in temperature, Canadas precipitation is very light.Our home is enclosed by the United States of America, south, the Pacific ocean and Alaska on the west side, the Atlantic ocean on the east side and the Arctic up north. One of the dominant reasons Canada is so well populated is due to the fact of our financial status. At this present time, the economy is not doing too well, but whos is? Canada is highly industrialised by manufacturing Automobiles, food, liquor and tobacco.We as a Unified country accept other cultures and religions. Canada has about every nationality possible and together they form a great home. Despite the many cultures, Canadas main languages are english and french. Canada is a democracy. This means the government is elected by all the people. It is responsible for managing the country, forcing laws, building roads and helping the country run smoothly. Canada has three main levels of government: Federal, Provincial and Municipal. The house of commons lies in Ottawa, Ontario. While the Queen is not present, her representative, the Governor General is in charge. He ranks higher than the Prime Minister. In conclusion, I hope I have raised your awareness of Canadas varied history, geography, economy, climate, cultures and government. This is great country that we live in. I am truly proud to be a Canadian.Extras Canada in its history to date has had five flags. The First, was a white flag with three gold fleurs-de-lys. This flag was used by Cartier in his voyage up the St. Lawrence and by Champlain in his explorations of eastern Canada. It was under this flag that the French lived until the fall of Quebec in 1759. The flag was used by the English from around 1700 was the Union Flag which contained two crosses-the cross of St. George and the cross of St. Andrew and St. Patrick was introduced. This flag is still used in Canada for special occasions. The Red Ensign was approved in 1945 for use by Canadians overseas and on certain occasions in Canada. The flag was used until 1965. The Royal Canadian flag was authorized by Royal Proclamation on February 15, 1965, following approval by Canadian House of Commons and Senate in December 1965. The Canadian flag is red. In its centre is a white square the width of the flag, with a single Red Maple Leaf in the centre. The flag must always be twice as long as it is wide so that it makes a square when folded in two. The colours white and red were given to Canada by King George V, on November 21, 1921, when he granted arms to Canada on the recommendation of the canadian government. .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .postImageUrl , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:hover , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:visited , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:active { border:0!important; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:active , .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188 .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u66b936a648cfd0cb1c073692dac76188:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: International Business Ventures Essay The Maple Leaf has always been an emblem of Canada. There is no significance to the eleven points of the leaf. It is stylized or conventional in form, as is common when things found in nature are used as flags, banners or arms. Note- When hoisting the flag or descending, never let it touch the ground. This shows a lack of respect toward your country and your people.

Why Should We Conserve Forests free essay sample

A great variety of plants and animals exist on earth. They are essential for the survival of mankind. Today , a major threat to survival of these organisms is deforestation. We know that deforestation means clearing forests and using the land for other purposes. Trees in the forestare cut for procuring land for cultivation,building houses and factories and making furniture or using wood as fuel. Some natural causesof deforestation are forest fires and severe droughts. We know that deforestation disturbs the balance in nature. If cutting of trees continues, rainfall and the fertility of the soil decrease. Moreover, there will be increased chancesof natural calamities such as floods and droughts. To protect our flora fauna and habitats, protected areas called sanctuaries , national parks and biosphere reserves have been earmarked. Plantation, cultivation, grazing, felling trees, hunting and poaching are prohibited there. Sanctuaries are Areas where animals are protected from any disturbance to them and their habitat. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Should We Conserve Forests or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National parks are Areas reserved for wild life where they can freely use the habitats and natural resources. Biosphere reserves are large areas of protected land for conservation of wild life, plant and animal resources and traditional life of the tribals living in the area. we should conserve forests to maintain eco system in the world, if forests are depleted continuously then global warming effect will increase and natural disasters will take place which disturb ecosystem global warming or green house effect is caused due to increase in the amount of carbondioxide in the air or atmosphere. It absorbs the heat of the sunlight and it does not let some amount of heat to go out of the atmosphere due to which ice sheets are melting continuously and amount of water in oceans is increasing day by day and floods are taking place. So its our duty to conserve forests for the future generation. save forests save life.

Landslides essays

Landslides essays Causing $1-2 billion in damages and more than 25 deaths per year, landslides are a major geologic hazard, caused by earthquakes and floods. Although, landslides are generally not as exciting or costly as earthquakes, major floods, tropical storms, and other natural disasters, they occur in more expanded places and may cause more property damage than any other geologic hazards. A wide variety of ground movements, such as rock falls, slope failure, and shallow debris flows can classify landslides. When a portion of a hill slope cannot support its own weight a landslide will occur. When rainfall or some other water source increases the water content of the slope the weakness is irritated, reducing the strength of the materials. Although gravity acting upon an increased slope is the main reason for a landslide, there are other elements that contribute to its cause. Loud sounds that occur during an earthquake also cause landslides. Erosion caused by rivers, glaciers, or ocean waves create oversteepened slopes. Heavy rains and melting snow weaken rock and soil slopes. Furthermore, vibrations from machinery, traffic, and even thunder may trigger failure of weak slopes. Excess water can run through slope material and can cause a debris flow or mud flow. The rock and mud left over after a landslide may pick up anything in its path, such as trees, hous es, and cars, causing bridges and tributaries to become blocked which causes flooding throughout its path. Even though, the natural cause of most landslides is unable to be stopped, geologic investigations, good engineering practices and effective enforcement of land-use management regulations can cut back landslide danger. Landslides effect every state in the United States territory. The Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Coastal Ranges and few parts of Alaska and Hawaii have intense landslide problems. USGS marine scientists have recently identified...

Freedom of Expression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Freedom of Expression - Essay Example The Alien and Sedition Acts are landmark policies that aimed to curtail the freedom of expression. The Alien Acts pertain to the status of naturalization of aliens, extending the required years of residence from five to fourteen years. They also include the legalization of actions against aliens, such as giving the President or his administrative assistants, the power to deport aliens who are deemed as threats to the government. The Sedition Act of 1798 made it a crime for any person to make â€Å"any false, scandalous, and malicious† statement about the U.S. government, Congress, or President (Werhan 12). The Congress opposed the Sedition Act. Republicans argue that the First Amendment does not give power for Congress to regulate the freedom of expression (Werhan 12). They also emphasize that it prevented citizens from getting the information they need to vote their officials in and out the office (Werhan 12). This movement expanded the freedom of expression to closely reflec t the goals of the First Amendment and to protect the freedom of speech in relation to criticisms against the government.The Alien and Sedition Acts are landmark policies that aimed to curtail the freedom of expression. The Alien Acts pertain to the status of naturalization of aliens, extending the required years of residence from five to fourteen years. They also include the legalization of actions against aliens, such as giving the President or his administrative assistants, the power to deport aliens who are deemed as threats to the government. The Sedition Act of 1798 made it a crime for any person to make â€Å"any false, scandalous, and malicious† statement about the U.S. government, Congress, or President (Werhan 12). The Congress opposed the Sedition Act. Republicans argue that the First Amendment does not give power for Congress to regulate the freedom of expression (Werhan 12). They also emphasize that it prevented citizens from getting the information they need to vote their officials in and out the office (Werhan 12). This movement expanded the freedom of expression to closely reflect the goals of the First Amendment and to protect the freedom of speech in relation to criticisms against the government. The abolitionists used the freedom of speech to fight for the â€Å"immediate end of slavery† (Werhan 15). They formed organizations, held public rallies and meetings, and even directly advocated slaveholders, by sending them antislavery publications (Werhan 15). The abolitionists attacked slavery in the national media because they believed that by doing so, they could make the abolition of slavery as the primary agenda of the government (Werhan 15). The Southern slave states fought back by banning anti-slavery speech (Werhan 15). When the abolitionist, Presbyterian minister Elijah P. Lovejoy was killed by a mob trying to burn his warehouse, where he protected free press, it further fueled the fire for freedom of expression (Werhan 16). His death highlighted the urgency of protecting the freedom of expression as a right of all citizens, so that they may be protected against the infringement of civil freedoms.

The state removing children from their parents and taking them into Essay

The state removing children from their parents and taking them into protective custody - Essay Example For some parents, drugs are more important than their kids. Such people may make their children use these drugs (compelling children to use drugs). Children are nuisances for another group of parents. All these results in severe child abuse issues. There were cases when children had to undergo heavy physical tortures also. When parents get divorced, children have to stay with one of the parents or with relatives or other caretakers. They may have to undergo physical and mental abuse and even big assaults also. Such children will be deprived of parent’s love and care and will lose a good family environment. Relatives and caretakers will be least bothered about their welfare and will torture them to maximum. These abused and neglected children will suffer from various mental and physical problems that can lead them to wrong paths. Some children are exposed to drugs in their childhood itself since they their parents use drugs. Children, who are brought up in families where there are frequent fights, will naturally have fighting mood or other bad characteristics. Also if parents are having criminal background and other unlawful practices, children who are brought up in that environment also will have criminal characters and behaviors. Children are abused in different ways and are made deprived of all their childhood happiness and privileges. They are troubled and exploited and are subjected to mental and physical exploitations. There were incidents in which children were beaten, burnt and killed even. In a particular case, a petition was filed in Waukesha County Juvenile Court in order to keep 3 girl children in protective custody as their drug-addicted father troubled them making them accompany him during a crack cocaine binge. In another incident in 2004, a 9-month-old boy died accidentally and later doctor’s testified that the child’s injuries were

Identify the Impact of Pathophysiology, Psychology and Sociology in Essay

Identify the Impact of Pathophysiology, Psychology and Sociology in Determining the Physical and Mental Health Status of the Ind - Essay Example 47). As a common knowledge, Alzheimer’s disease is hereditary. The fact that Lucinda’s grandfather had dementia increases her risks of developing the same illness. With this in mind, Lucinda’s changes in her behaviour such as depression including her difficulty in following conversations, and the feeling of excessive tiredness can be explained by the psychosocial impact of having an Alzheimer’s disease. The role of psychotherapists is to allow newly diagnosed individuals to effectively deal with their negative feelings whereas the social workers are trained to help patients with Alzheimer’s disease deal with their social problems with their family members, at work, or within the community (Thompson and Bass, 2009). In most cases, psychotherapy can be used to initially diagnose the level of Lucinda’s depression. By referring her to a psychotherapist as one of the clinical interventions for her case, Lucinda and her partner may find it easier t o accept and deal with the agitation, anxiety, and depression this couple is going through after knowing that Lucinda is at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Lucinda is having difficulty trying to remember the names of people she worked with every day. For this reason, there is an increased risk wherein Lucinda might end up isolating herself from other people. To avoid making herself or other people feel bad, she made it a habit to cover up some of these occasions from her friends and family members in order to save face. However, the patient should be informed that there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease (Lu and Bludau, 2011, p. 60). To make it easier for the patient to deal with cognitive, behavioural, social and emotional changes, Lucinda should receive psychological and social intervention to make her understand and be emotionally prepared for other serious physical and mental health changes as the Alzheimer’s diseases progresses to a more advance sta ge. To identify the presence of brain damage, either MRI or PET scan can be used. In general, the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the presence of plaques and tangles in the brain. Common among the aging individuals, the presence of ?-amyloid plagues, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and the neuronal cell death are among the main factors that can cause the patients to undergo a neurodegenerative process (Kumer et al., 2010, pp. 1313 – 1317; Jackson-Siegal, 2005). Although these substances can also be found among elderly patients without Alzheimer’s disease, Jackson-Siegal (2005) explained that one of the most unique feature of Alzheimer’s disease is that these plagues and tangles are localized in the brain in parallel to the clinical symptoms. With regards to familial Alzheimer’s disease, mutations on chromosomes 21, 19, 14, 12, and 1 is responsible for these changes (Barlow and Durand, 2012, p. 546; Cummings et al., 1998). Even though Lucinda is experiencing episodes of worsening and frequent forgetfulness, confusion, and difficulty to remember names of people she worked each day; the fact that she can still recognize her partner strongly suggest that she is having a mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (Jackson-Siegal, 2005). In general, the entorhinal cortex is connected to the hippocampus – responsible for our memory formation, and the cerebral cortex. In the case of Lucinda, her memory loss or the short-term recall can be explained by the presence

What Is Effective Production Management Commerce Essay

What Is Effective Production Management Commerce Essay To begin with, effective production management is impossible without scientific management. Scientific management is a part of the cycles production management at the operational level. It should be based on scientific achievements and best practices to ensure increasing productivity and preserving human health. It is important to mention that an American engineer Frederick Winslow Taylor was the first scientific engineer, who used and formalized scientific management and highlighted its four principles. Milton (1957) stated that Taylor was an innovator and an entrepreneur in his field, and he had more than his share of emulators, rivals, and disciples (p. 23). According to Finn Borum (1980), Frederick Taylor worked on promoting efficiency in manufacturing enterprises around the turn of the century (p. 288). Scientific management is a process of improving the labor organization based on scientific achievements and excellence. Scientific management is the labor organization based on modern scientific achievements and best practices, which were systematically introduced into the workplace. Scientific management allows combining technology and people in the labor process. In addition to the above-mentioned information, scientific management can be characterized as An approach within classical management theory that emphasizes the scientific study of work methods in order to improve worker efficiency (Bartol and Martin, 1998, p. 41). Scientific managements implementation saves time and is an important growth factor productivity of living labor. The importance and value of scientific management is that it allows you to save hard work as a result of better use of the productions material elements. Moreover, the importance of scientific management to organizations is also that it solves the problems of wasted human effort and promotes efficiency and effectiveness in the workplace. And, finally, the improvement of labor organization gives an opportunity to save future labor by taking into account the requirements of scientific management on the stage of companies, equipment and processes design. George (1968) said that Taylors work had importance in ways directly germane to operations research. His contributions, great as they were intrinsically, were even more valuable in revealing the merit of creating elements of organization whose object was not the performance of operations, but their analysis: It is difficult t o overemphasize the importance of this first basic step: the formation of organizations for research on operationshis work led to better decisions than those which were possible, and in most cases, necessary before (pp. 151-152). Scientific management plays an important role in solving the problems of improving production efficiency and improves product quality. The main directions of scientific management are: Improvement of forms of division and cooperation of labor in enterprises; Improvement of the workplaces organization and maintenance; Rationalization of techniques and methods of work; Improvement of work quota setting; Preparation and training the workforce; Improvement of the working conditions; Rationalization of work and rest; Strengthening of labor discipline; Increase of employees creative activity. The main key characteristics of scientific management: scientific management calls for the scientific methods application to work in order to define the best method for solving each task. Scientific management admits that the employees should be scientifically chosen based on their professional qualifications and trained to carry out their work in the optimum manner. Scientific management aimed at addressing the following interrelated tasks: economic, psycho-physiological and social. The economic task deals with the equipments complete use, raw materials, and increase of labor productivity. The creation of favorable working environment, which is very important for the workers health, their working capacity is the solution of the psychophysiological task. The solution of the social task aimed at increasing satisfaction of the labors conditions and results. It should be noted that scientific management has a clearly defined set of the tasks. There is an interaction between scientific management and improvement of other elements of the organization of production. This is especially manifested in the organization of workplaces. The labor organization is associated with production of elements, such as equipment and technology. The labor organization affects the type and nature of production. The major components of scientific management are the division of labor and cooperation. The division of labor in the enterprise means an isolation of separate partial work processes to reduce the production cycle due to the simultaneous execution of various jobs and improvement of work productivity. It is important to mention that the organizers of production at the enterprises of the countries with developed market economies pay great attention to the reduction of manufacturing cycle time. This is due to the fact that the reduction of manufacturing cycle time is a central task of the organization and management of production, an indicator of the effectiveness of managerial work. The high level of specialization indicates production standards. The division of labor is impossible without its cooperation. The cooperations objective is to ensure coherence between the actions of individual employees or groups of employees performing a variety of work functions. The division of labor and cooperation are two interrelated and complementary aspects of production management. The division of labor can be technological, functional, qualifying and professional. The technological division of labor is divided into phases, types of work, products, sites that detail technological operations. It determines the placement of workers in accordance with production technology and greatly affects the level of works importance. An important task of a work organizator consists of finding the optimal level of the technological division of labor. The functional division of labor depends on nature of staff functions in production and their participation in the production process. According to this criterion, workers are divided into workers and employees. Employees are divided into leaders, professionals and technical executors. In turn, the workers can be functional groups of main workers: service and support, groups of maintenance and transport workers: quality inspectors, working for energy services, etc. The qualifying division of labor divides into complexity and accuracy of work in accordance with professional knowledge and experience. The division of labor is carried out under the skill level of the employees. The professional division of labor divides into trades, professions, grades and categories. With the help of the above-stated principles and components of scientific management, it is possible to i ncrease specialization in production in order to accentuate worker rights in the shop floor. Sullivan admitted that This mass production model of shop-floor control depends on two key assumptions: a job is a precisely defined series of tasks; and seniority is the criterion for the allocation of jobs (1987, p. 96). In order to compare and contrast scientific management to more modern management approach, such as total quality management (TQM), it is possible to say that the difference between these two approaches is that the main idea of TQM is that the company should work not only on product quality, but also on work quality as a whole, including the staff work. The continual improvement of these three components is: quality, quality of process organization, and qualifications of staff can achieve more rapid and effective business development. Quality is defined by categories, such as a degree of implementation of customer requirements and growth in financial performance. But the main idea of scientific management is that labor organization is an integral part of the organization of production. The basis of scientific management is the division of labor, which involves the separation of major works from the subsidiary preparatory and ancillary works. These actions help to improve the usage of working time of skilled employees. It is possible to conclude that both management approaches are very important for all types of organizations and are the basis of modern management. Nowadays, scientific management plays a big role in the modern organizations process and it has a direct relevance to the modern business environment. A good example is McDonalds Corporation, one of the largest fast-food restaurants, which still applies the principles and basic standards of scientific management in its organizational process. McDonalds Corporation always tries to promote its workers through different practical and effective ways. For instance, McDonalds uses different types of promotion programs and competitive salaries. It takes many different forms from the thankful words to financial incentives or even to a wide recognition of Employee of the Month. In addition, Macdonalds applies the methods associated with a scientific study. Moreover, the company scientifically selects, trains, and develops each worker and employee. Seldon, Ingraham, and Jacobson (1999) write The selection process is one of the most critical human resource functions because it supplies persons with specific knowledge skills and abilities needed to perform public services. (p. 602). This is a strong tradition and an essential part of work for McDonalds to train its employees scientifically and practically. McDonalds puts into practice the third principle of scientific management and cooperates with its workers, teaching and helping them in every way. McDonalds divides work into equal parts between managers and employees. Every worker keeps his/her place and is occupied only with his/her job. In summary, it is possible to draw a conclusion that scientific management is a set of measures aimed at achieving the greatest results in the organization of production. Scientific managements implementation creates the conditions for health workers to maintain their efficiency, increase the period of their employment, growth, cultural and technical level of workers. Taylor, who is considered to be a father of scientific management, made a great contribution to the development of a new worldview. His disciple Carl Barth stated that My dream is that the time will come when every drill press will be speeded just so, and every planer, every lathe the world over will be harmonized just like musical pitches are the same all over the worldso that we can standardize and say that for drilling a 1-inch hole the world over will be done with the same speedThat dream will come true, some time (1914, p. 889). Modern scientific management consists of organizational, technical, psycho-physiological and techno-economic aspects of work organization and management.

Meditation: The Balance of Life Essay -- Religion, Buddhism, Hinduism,

All throughout history Buddhist monks and the eastern religion have been performing meditation, but recently anyone has been trying it. Meditation is a practice that someone may train their mind to be in a state of consciousness that benefits their mind and body. Meditation is about paying attention, focusing and being very calm. It sharpens creativity and performance while enhancing relationships. Meditators find when they stop taking things in life so seriously, the self drops away. They are more direct and absorb life easier. (Ellison 3) Meditation has been around for thousands of years. In every religion, the instructions for meditating are the same, only the words differ. There are two major types of meditation that may benefit the user. By meditating the human mind may find peace and enhancement of mental activity and awareness. It's very simple to do, and only takes a small amount of your time a day. (Roach 3) Meditation originated in the eastern religion with Buddhism and Hinduism. Monks have meditated their whole life, through time, helping them become better people. Tibetans and the Dalai Lama have been performing meditation intensely for centuries. These Buddhist followers train using the Tibetan Nyingmapa and Kagyupa traditions for about 10,000 to 50,000 hours over 15-40 years. At one time meditation was part of the basic training for the entire Mozambique military. (Kaufman 2)(Roach 2) Thinking and other mental activity produce short bursts of electrical activity in the brain called gamma waves. In studies monks, who have been training the longest, have higher levels of gamma waves. Gamma waves are some of the highest-frequency brain impulses; they are also the most important electrical brain impulses. G... ... and let your mind be vigilant. If you hear distractions or have thoughts, let them go. Be happy you noticed them; don't feel as if they interrupted your meditation. Continue doing this daily for 10-20 minutes and notice the effects it may have on you. Continue this practice until it gets easier and use whenever needed. Scientific data shows it has its benefits, as I listed most. Most doctor visits are from stress, so by meditating once or twice daily the visits to the doctor will be less. I actually am thinking about trying it out myself. If the benefits sounded as great to you, as they did to me, I hope you'll try it yourself. Meditation can help balance out your life, why not try it? It's fairly simple and fast. In the future, I predict meditation will be a major part of any person’s life to help deal with everyday frustrations a little easier. (Roach 3)